最新刊期
期 1 ， 2014
- 摘要：In order to meet the different demands of the LCD matrix, a serious of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles compounds was synthesized.These compounds were synthesized from aryl iodides through three steps. Their constructions were confirmed by NMR, FT-IR and elemental analysis.The parameters and the performances of these compounds were measured by POM and DSC.Some of these 1,2,4-oxadiazoles compounds not only have small optical anisotropy(Δn = 0.107~0.118) and large negative dielectric anisotropy(Δε = -1.6~-4.3), but also have a wide nematic phase temperature range.These compounds can be used in the LCD matrix to improve partial performance of the LCD. The preparation method is of simple operation and low cost, which can also realize industrialization easily.关键词：liquid crystal;1;2;4-oxadiazole;Δn;&epsilon
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发布时间：2020-08-12 - 摘要：In order to simplify the lithography 4 mask etch process flow,reduce power and toxic gas volume,an orthogonal experiment was designed based on 2 200 mm×2 500 mm glass substrate. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrical properties testing, the interacting influences of power,pressure,gas and gas ratio on etching rate,uniformity and selectivity were analyzed. Meanwhile,the optimized single layer process conditions was verified.Through a novel Enhance Cathode Coupling Plasma Mode (ECCP) etch condition,we combined active,halftone,wet etch residual metal molybdenum and N-plus doped amorphous silicon layers into dry etch fully. The result shows that the metal molybdenum etch can be divided into one time two steps, consequently, "2 dry 2 wet" etching can be modified into "1 dry 1 wet".Total etch time can be reduced by 16 s;overall Cl2 gas dosage and power were also decreased.Uniformity,etch rate and selectivity to bottom layer were also improved,and the profile was controlled.The study presented a critical basis of "1 dry 1 wet "future mass production.关键词：low-consumable;molybdenum-etch;enhance cathode couple plasma;design experiment
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发布时间：2020-08-12 - 摘要：In order to meet the different demands of the LCD, two novel polyfluorinated polycyano negative dielectric anisotropy liquid crystalline compounds were synthesized.These compounds were synthesized from phthalonitrile and 1,2-difluorobenzene by several steps. Their constructions were confirmed by NMR and elemental analysis.The parameters and the performances of these products were measured by POM, DSC and rotary viscometer.These polyfluorinated polycyano compounds have small optical anisotropy(Δn=0.096~0.107), large negative dielectric anisotropy(Δε= -15.2~-16.7) and high viscosity(γ1= 234.8~248.6 mPa·s). These compounds can be used in the LCD matrix to improve partial performance of the LCD. The preparation method is of simple operation and low cost, which can also realize industrialization easily.关键词：liquid crystal;negative dielectric anisotropy;polyfluorinated polycyano;Δn;&epsilon
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发布时间：2020-08-12 - 摘要：The phosphorescent devices(green and red),which structure was ITO/MoO3 (40 nm)/NPB (40 nm)/TCTA (10 nm)/CBP:GIR1 (14%)(x)/CBP:R-4B (6%) (30-x)/BCP (10 nm)/AlQ (40 nm)/LiF (1 nm)/AL (100 nm),were prepared.Double emitting layer(green and red) is organic electroluminescent phosphorescent devices,which was regulated at carrier. The results showed that doping order was green, red, (green (red) was 15 nm (15 nm)), at 6 V, current density was 255.6 mA/cm2, the maximum current efficiency was 15.4 cd/A. In addition, because of utilization the green red doping behavior, red (R-4B) emitting peak was easier to appear, and ultimately the red dye possessed relatively large emitting intensity and weak green light-emitting. Analysis of the reason may be carrier injection and carrier mobility of balance and BCP control effect.关键词：BCP;electroluminescent;phosphor
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发布时间：2020-08-12
Material Physics & Chemistry
- 摘要：The dynamic dimming algorithm consists of two steps: dimming level determination and LC pixel compensation. Look-up-table method is applied in S-curve dimming algorithm based on image classification. In order to solve the shortcomings of large consumption of hardware resources and slow processing speed of this algorithm, this paper proposes two kinds of algorithm implementations: Arithmetic Sequence Method (ASM) and Least-squares Fitting Method (LSFM). The simulation results show that the largest standard deviation is 1.8 and 0.8 of ASM and LSFM, respectively. The practical tests have done on the LCD TV prototype. Compared to the luminance of pixels from look-up table method, the deviation of ASM is less than 3 graylevels and the deviation of LSFM is less than 1 gray-level. The hardware storage resource decreases from 71% of the proposed methods to 4% of look-up-table. The simulation and experimental results show that LSFM is better.关键词：dynamic dimming;S-curve;pixel compensation;algorithm implementation
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发布时间：2020-08-12 - 摘要：In order to improve the inspection accuracy and reduce misjudgment rate for the color filter quality inspection in an automatic optical inspection system,a defect inspection method for color filter was proposed based on analyzing the color filter image acquired by the red, green and blue color matrix structure and Line CCD. Three steps were used to detect the defect of color filter. Defects of color filter were inspected firstly by the five points comparison method after mechanical and optical alignment for color filter.Then, according to Line CCD obtained by three different grayscale values from the red, green and blue area, the determination threshold are respectively provided in the three regions. Finally, the defects were classified depending on the grayscale difference in the defect and the normal point, and the corresponding defect code is given. The experiment results show that the proposed method composed of the five points comparison method, partition detection, defect classification can make inspection accuracy reach more than 99.6%.关键词：auto optical inspection;color filter;gray;defect
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发布时间：2020-08-12 - 摘要：In order to know whether the new Pad and iPhone4s has the display performance of professional display, the new Pad and iPhone4s were tested to get performance from 6 aspects of time stability,color gamut coverage,color gamut,space uniformity of color display,channel additivity and constant chromaticity with the reference of professional display A. Test results showed that iPhone4s is better than the new Pad on the performance of time stability, space uniformity of Color display and stability of color gamut coverage.The new Pad has better channel additivity and constant chromaticity.the new Pad has the biggest color gamut coverage and the iphone4s has the smallest color gamut coverage in the three displays.In general,the new Pad has little difference in the display performance with the professional display A.The new Pad can achieve the requirements of display performance of professional display fundamentally and can be used as accessory equipment of professional display.The iphone4s cann't achieve the requirements of display performance of professional display fundamentally and cann't be used as accessory equipment of professional display.关键词：the new Pad and iPhone4s;color gamut coverage;space uniformity of color display;channel additivity;constant chromaticity
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发布时间：2020-08-12 - 摘要：In order to realize SOPC controller design on TFT-LCD,IP core of TFT-LCD controller based on Nios Ⅱ was designed by FPGA-EP4CE6F17C8 and Verilog language.TFT-LCD controller was consisted of the Nios Ⅱ soft-core processor, SDRAM controller, JTAG UART, LCD controller, Avalon bus for a full-color AT070TN84 TFT-LCD.Nios Ⅱ soft-core processor was designed as core, IP cores such as SDRAM controller, TFT-LCD controller were connected to Nios Ⅱ by Avalon bus, IP core design of TFT-LCD controller was mainly completed by such modules as the Avalon bus interface module, DMA module, FIFO module and the timing generator module.The color graphics display control wtih 800 × 480 resolution,16 bit color depth was achieved.Display experiment showed it was of stable, clear images, rich colors, no splash screen, wrong line and other phenomena, good visual effect.Design was of good configurability, reusability and portability.Practice proved that the SOPC design was effective.The design principle, control system simulation and experiment method, process were presented in the paper, relevant links of IP controller core design was mainly focused on at the same time.关键词：NIOS Ⅱ;SOPC-IP;LCD controller;DMA
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发布时间：2020-08-12 - 摘要：This paper makes a deep research on the new technology of anneal skip process for the TFT-LCD device. The anneal skip process can simplify the process and decrease the cost of production by the synchronization of ITO transformation and PI film curing. Using the anneal skip process, the average resistance of ITO layer and the transmittance of the film were the same as that of the traditional high temperature anneal process. A low resistance and a high transmittance could be realized. The surface of PI film was smooth.There was a good interface between the ITO layer and the PI film;no drum kit, pits and reaction products appeared. At dark or photo state, Ion of TFT using the anneal skip process was the same as that using the high temperature process, but Ioff had a decrease by 44%. The V-T characteristic of panel using the anneal skip process and the high temperature anneal process were the same.关键词：anneal skip;transmittance;ITO layer;TFT characteristic
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发布时间：2020-08-12 - 摘要：Low-cost and low-power consumption are required in cockpit display system, which cannot be guaranteed by traditional DSP or GPU based, FPGA integrated graphic-generators. Therefore, a new technology for graphics generation based on SOPC is proposed in this paper. Hardware platform is designed based on SOPC and the graphics generation algorithms are performed by Nios Ⅱ processor integrated in SOPC. The graphics can be generated in real-time using ping-pong operation with FPGA. Compared with traditional methods, the proposed technology can decrease the cost and power consumption significantly by removing DSP or GPU chips. Experiments show that the cockpit display system can generate graphics with 640×480 resolution and the frame rate is 26 fps. The performance of the proposed method satisfies the requirements of the cockpit display system.关键词：cockpit display;system on programmable chip;NiosⅡ;graphics generation
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发布时间：2020-08-12
Device Physics & Device Technology
- 摘要：Considering the discrete manufacturing features and the production management problems caused by information and management gaps between Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) plan and field process control,Radio Frequency Identification(RFID) was introduced into material transfer module in Manufacturing Execution System(MES) between Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) plan and field process control. The communication between in-line equipments and upper server provided production and quality data by File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and Database inquiry technology. Quality information and defect detail data were sent to destination server by Tibco communication software with Extensible Markup Language (XML)and text file format, it fulfilled data and operation integration from production input, judge and shipping. Its application in TFT-LCD manufacturer line showed that both production efficiency and quality were greatly improved.关键词：radio frequency identification;material transfer;manufacturing execution system;TFT-LCD manufacturer
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发布时间：2020-08-12 - 摘要：In order to achieve high-quality, high-effect on the hardware video scaling, rotation, and so on,this paper analyzes the realization of bi-cubic interpolation algorithm,makes the bicubic interpolation discrete and infer templates,which make the calculation process simplify.This paper proposed a method to achieve bicubic convolution template algorithm in FPGA. Experimental results show that the algorithm is superior zoom effect bilinear interpolation algorithm, slightly lower than the bicubic interpolation algorithm, but the computational performance was significantly higher than bicubic interpolation algorithm. So bicubic convolution algorithm is a template to achieve better results in the limited resources interpolation algorithm.关键词：bicubic interpolation;bicubic convolution template algorithm;FPGA
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发布时间：2020-08-12 - 摘要：In order to reduce the detection times of the mutual capacitance of projected-capacitive touch-screen, an adaptive detection algorithm is proposed, parsed and validated. First of all, the entire projected-capacitive touch-screen is abstracted into a grid, and each crossing point of the grid represents a mutual capacitance.Then an adaptive scanning method based on variable threshold in both directions is analyzed and contrasted with the progressive scanning method. Finally,an adaptive detection system is designed, which includes a FPGA as the center control unit and other detection circuit to verify the algorithm. Experimental results show that compared with traditional progressive scan method, the detection number of adaptive detection method needs correspondingly reduce for 1/5.0, 1/6.5, 1/10.4 respectively under the conditions that the identification points is from 3 to 1 and the projected-capacitive touch-screen which electrode spacing is 1 mm and the driving area is 71×54.The detection time of touch information is effectively shorten, which is meaningful for projected-capacitive touch-screen's development in the direction of large-size application.关键词：projected-capacitive;mutual capacitance;adaptive detection
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发布时间：2020-08-12 - 摘要：In OLED-on-silicon micro-display, how to realize a small pixel driving current is the pixel circuit's difficulty. To solve this issue, a novel pixel circuit is presented in this paper. The pixel circuit is composed of two PMOS, two NMOS, one storage capacitor, one OLED and four signal lines. This circuit is verified by HSPICE basing on TSMC 0.35 μm CMOS 5 V process. In this circuit, the current flowing through the OLED is constant when OLED is light-emitting and grayscale modulation is realized by controlling the OLED light-emitting time. This pixel circuit is fully controlled by digital signal and can achieve precise grayscale. In this paper, 21 grayscale is achieved by six sub-frames. And then 64 grayscales (from 0 to 63) can be achieved by changing signals timing. When OLED is light-emitting, the constant current is 35.3 nA.关键词：micro-display;OLED;pixel circuit;time ratio grayscale
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发布时间：2020-08-12 - 摘要：In order to meet the graphics display application needs of the display terminal of the embedded system, a universal VGA waveforms display system was proposed. According to the VGA display principle, the system internal FPGA integrated A/D control module, dual-port RAM module and VGA display control module. The dual-port RAM was used to complete the acquisition data cache, the VGA display control module read the cached data, produced the standard VGA control timing signal, and then realized the graphical display of data. The test results show that the waveforms display system based on FPGA can generate the correct timing of the VGA port and implement a stable display of the waveforms data. The system with independent intellectual property core is easy to transplant and provides a better solution for the embedded visualization terminals based on FPGA.关键词：FPGA;VGA;waveforms display;display mode
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发布时间：2020-08-12 - 摘要：In order to meet the demand of standard white field of LCD production company, a white field apparatus is developed, with which the calibration of color measurement can be finished. Firstly, the principle of the standard white field, its calibration working mode and output working mode are introduced. Secondly, the FPGA main control unit, the display unit, the man-machine connecting unit, the detecting unit and other hardware units are explained in detail. Thirdly, the software system, for example the display mode controller, the key-press debouncing method and the LCM controller are designed. Finally, the calibration experiment of the apparatus is finished, and its calibrated performance is measured. Experimental results indicate that the apparatus system based on FPGA is able to produce 6 500 K, 9 300 K and 12 500 K three different color temperature white fields. The white field apparatus can work without the standard light, and it has the advantage of color temperature adjusting and data storage. The white field apparatus could provide standard white fields with adjustable color temperature, the luminance error is better than 0.50% within 24 h.It can satisfy the requirements of strong stabilization, good operation and high precision.关键词：standard white field;FPGA;LCD
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发布时间：2020-08-12 - 摘要：In order to reduce power consumption of LED backlit and improve image quality of LCD, the dynamic dimming algorithm with twice-correction is proposed. Firstly, the values of initial backlight of all LED blocks are calculated with averaging method. Then the first correction values are calculated to resolve grayscale clipping according to the difference between the maximum and average grayscale values in each LED block. Lastly, the second correction values are calculated with spatial filtering method to suppress halo effect caused by dimming. The experiment results on a 116.8 cm(46 in) edge-type LED backlit show that the mean power consumption can be reduced to 73.02% and the grayscale clipping is only 0.49% for the typical pictures. Also the mean PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) is 67.21 dB, the maximum contrast ratio can reach to 28 600:1, and halo effect can be suppressed obviously. The dynamic dimming algorithm with twice-correction can improve image quality significantly with a significant reduction in power consumption.关键词：LCD;LED backlit;dynamic dimming;grayscale clipping;halo effect
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发布时间：2020-08-12
Driving & Controlling
- 摘要：In order to realize the super-resolution reconstruction of color sequence images when the external illumination changes or the camera adjusts integration time automatically, an algorithm has been proposed. Firstly, the images' histograms of oriented gradients (HOG) are extracted as the matching characters and the correlation coefficient is used as the similarity measurements for geometric registration. Secondly, a photometric model is established to achieve photometric registration. Finally, the algorithm of Maximum a Posteriori (MAP) is adopted to get high-resolution images. In order to show the advantage of the algorithm, the results of the average gradient, information entropy and image contrast metric (ICM) of reconstructed images are given. The results show that the average gradient and information entropy of these high-resolution images are enhanced significantly and images have more information. The algorithm is robust to photometric change and it can obviously reduce the photometric difference between the reconstructed images and improve the contrast of color images.关键词：color sequence;super-resolution reconstruction;photometric change;HOG;ICM;photometric registration
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发布时间：2020-08-12 - 摘要：In order to achieve high-resolution 3D integral imaging,an integrated imaging system is designed based on high-resolution image capture by the digital camera arrays and reproduced by the microlens arrays. The resolutions of the integral imaging on real/virtual display modes and display depth is analyzed.Based on the integrated imaging principle,a digital camera is used for high resolution image acquisition.The display resolution and depth are calculated according to the microlens array pitch,focal length,object distance and other parameters.After image processing,the image is printed with high precision.Then the image and the microlens array are glued together.The shooting parameters and display parameters are given.The image contrasts are compared between the traditional parallax display mode and the focus display mode of integrated imaging.In the case of parameters match well, the high-resolution 3D displays are achieved. The resolution of the images, which is near by the central depth plane of real/virtual display mode, can achieve the best.The experimental results prove that the image display effects are excellent in the depth range, the resolution of the real/virtual display mode is much better than that of the focus mode and the traditional multi-view free stereo display, which is based on the parallax principle.关键词：integral imaging;three-dimensional display;high resolution;real display mode;virtual display mode
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发布时间：2020-08-12 - 摘要：In order to solve the problem that the object template of traditional Mean Shift tracking can only be built from a single image, and difficult to update, an improved Mean Shift tracking algorithm for color image is proposed. Firstly, RGB color space is projected to HSV color space, and a unified histogram kernel model based on HSV color space is set up. Secondly, in order to achieve template online update, an online support vector machine is introduced, and a Mean Shift tracking algorithm integrated with online SVM based on HSV color space is reasoned. By above operation, object modeling is adaptive to object size, posture or illumination changes. Finally, tracking test on two groups of international general CAVIAR color image sequence is taken to verify effectiveness of the algorithm. Experiments show that the improved algorithm performs well with great changes taken in target pose, illumination or background. When the image resolution is 384 pixel×288 pixel(target size of about 20 pixel×80 pixel),the fastest processing speed reaches 40 f/s, as well as tracking precision increases by 32.1% than traditional Mean Shift.关键词：Mean Shift;HSV color space;online support vector machine
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发布时间：2020-08-12 - 摘要：Fingertip extraction has become the key technology of bare hand human-computer interaction based on vision. Aiming at solving the high requirements for equipment,low system efficiency, limited to signle finger detection,high application limitations and error detection of bending fingers, and many other problems of many hand gesture recognition methods and fingertip detection methods at present,this article proposes a modified high precision multiple fingertips detection method based on curvature.Firstly,it eliminates the finger grooves by the curvature of extracted edge gesture sequence points and pixel values judgment method.And it proposes the palm ranging method and the inscribed circle of palm method to effectively wipe out the class fingertips error judgement of fist and bending fingers at the same time. Finally, it optimizates algorithm flow chart.Experiments show that the improved detection method has improved the efficiency of program and obviously improved the detection precision.关键词：color tracking;contour extraction;curvature method;fingertip detection
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发布时间：2020-08-12 - 摘要：CCD camera is used in the luminance data acquisition of LED display, and the property of CCD photosensitive image is analyzed. On the basis of that, a luminance uniformity assessment method is presented after finishing photosensitive unit recognition and luminance data extraction. It is based on the structure comparability of the different parts of the luminance data image. The luminance data image is divided into two blocks horizontally and vertically. It's also divided into four blocks equally.The angle between singular vectors of each two blocks is used to evaluate their difference. The blocks of luminance data image of LED display with good luminance uniformity are more similar than the blocks of luminance data image of LED display with poor luminance uniformity. The luminance uniformity of the display is accordingly evaluated by the difference measurement of the blocks. Experimental results show that the assessment results of the two dividing methods are all coincident with perceptual property of human eye.关键词：optical measurement;CCD image;luminance uniformity;singular value decomposition
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发布时间：2020-08-12 - 摘要：Aiming at the issue of low efficiency of traditional Chan-Vese model(C-V model) method for uneven background TFT-LCD Mura defect segmentation, a new formulation which was the difference between the level set function and signed distance function was introduced to C-V model to completely eliminate the re-initialization procedure of signed distance function. In order to reduce the effect from non-uniformity brightness of image, the C-V model was proved by adding the brightness difference between inside and outside area of the contour curve to improve the accuracy of the segmentation. In the numerical implementation, the unconditionally stable semi-implicit scheme was used to accelerate the evolution velocity by increasing the time step appropriately. This semi-implicit scheme has higher segmentation speed than the finite difference scheme and AOS format. The results show that the proposed algorithm can segment the uneven background Mura defect accurately and rapidly.关键词：Chan-Vese model;TFT-LCD Mura defect;level set;semi-implicit scheme
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发布时间：2020-08-12
Imaging Technology & Image Processing
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