摘要:A new structure for thin-film transistors is proposed and demonstrated, exhibiting the benefits but not the drawbacks of both short-channel and multi-junction effects. Simulations are performed to verify the physics of this device structure. All characteristics such as threshold voltage, pseudo subthreshold slope, on-off current ratio and field-effect mobility are improved. Furthermore, device hot carrier and self-heating reliability are also improved by this new structure.
摘要:Six kinds of LC materials with fluorinated isothiocyanate phenyl-tolane group were prepared via couple reaction. These LCs exhibit high birefringence, about 0.40~0.54. The DSC test results indicated that the melting point of LC compounds decreased with the atom number of fluorine increasing. When these LCs were mixed in the commercial alkyne LCs respectively, the LC compounds with 1 or 2 fluorine atoms exhibit low viscosity. When these mixed LC materials were used in optics device, the isothiocyanate phenyl-tolane LCs with 2 fluorine atoms have the best response performance. These LCs with high Δn and low rotational viscosity would have some application potential in LC optical device.
摘要:Polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films were prepared with living graft macro-initiator (MI) with different main-chain flexibility, synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) and iniferter polymerization with four kinds of monomers with different glass transition temperature. The effect of main-chain flexibility of MIs on morphologies, transmittance, switching voltage and hysteresis of PDLC films based on graft polymer had been investigated. It was observed that the OFF-state transmittance (TOFF) and the size of LC droplet decreased at first and then increased with the increase in main-chain flexibility of MIs, and both showed the lowest value when MI was RAFT-P(BMA-co-CMSI). However, Vth and Vsat showed an opposite trend. It was found that the Vth value first increased from 8.0 V to 17.7 V and then decreased to 7.3 V, while the Vsat value first increased from 25.6 V to 32.9 V and then decreased to 20.2 V. In addition, the hyste-resis showed complex changes, due to a variety of factors. Therefore, the change of main-chain flexibility of MIs successfully improved the electro-optical properties of PDLC films based on graft polymer.
摘要:High-performance pentacene organic thin film Transistor (OTFT) with interface modification layer of polystyrene/chlorosilane composite material was developed. The AFM images show that the growth morphology of pentacene semiconductor film was affected by interface modification. The pentacene grains grown on modified SiO2 substrates with dimensions in the range of 200~400 nm are larger than those grown on bare SiO2 substrates which have sizes less than 150 nm. Large particle size can reduce intergranular interface so as to improve the electrical performance. The output and transfer curve, on/off current ratio, threshold voltage and field-effect mobility of the device were obtained by electric measurements. The transfer curve showed an on/off current ratio exceeding 106 with the off-current of about 10-10 A. The device with interface modification has a maximum field-effect mobility of up to 1.23 cm2·V-1·s -1, compared to the 0.0118 cm2·V-1·s -1 of OTFT on bare SiO2 substrate.
关键词:organic thin film transistor;surface modification;Electrical properties
摘要:For studying the effect of polymerization inhibitor on electro-optical properties of Polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film, various mass fraction of polymerization inhi-bitor 4-tert-butylcatechol (TBC) were added into PDLC prepared by polymerization induced phase separation (PIPS). They were observed by scanning electron microscope, and the size and distribution of liquid crystal droplets were investigated based on image-processing and statistics. It shows that polymerization inhibitor delays the polymerization of PDLC mixture and dominates the size and distribution of liquid crystal droplets, and decreases the off-state transmittance of PDLC. When mass fraction of TBC is 0.5%,the PDLC has the best electro-optical properties,and its contrast is 23.
摘要:two kinds of fluorinated liquid crystal compounds were synthesized: 4-n-alkoxyphenyl 4-[4-n-alkoxyphenyl-2,3,4,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl) ethynyl] benzoates and 4-n-alkoxyphenyl 4-[4-n-alkoxyphenyl-2,3,4,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl) ethyl] benzoates.Due to introducing 1,4-perfluorophenylene to molecular structure of diphenyl acetylene in the first compounds, it could be used in adaptive system like as application in construction of spatial light modulator because of the high birfringence,low rotational viscosity and thermal stablility. The liquid crystal compounds with ethylidene bridge could satisfy the requirements of a low viscosity component in TFT-LCD because of the low birfringence and low viscosity. Two target compounds were synthesized by sonogashira reaction and then Pd/C catalytic hydrogenation.
关键词:fluorinated liquid crystals;diphenyl acetylene;ethylidene;adaptive system
摘要:Terminal alkeny-bearing liquid crystal compounds has been used in TN, STN, TFT and many other kinds of types of liquid crystal mixture, due to its advantages of solubility with other liquid crystals, low viscosity (especially low rotary viscosity γ1), but its synthetic difficulty is greater.This paper reports a modified synthetic method for the synthesis of terminal alkeny-bearing, lateral fluoro-benzene negative liquid crystals via the cross-coupling reactions of allyl chloride grignard reagent with substituted benzyl chlorides, which has high yields and low-cost. The liquid crystal characteristics of the prepared compounds are also investigated.
摘要:The influence of the cathode structure on the distribution of electric field near the cathode and grid, and the emission electron trajectories near the intersection of the cathode, film and vacuum is studied in surface-conduction electron emitter by the finite elements method. The results indicate that not all electrons emitted from the zone near the intersection can reach the anode through analyzing electron trajectories. The anode voltage, the cathode height and the cathode shape affect the position from which electrons emit and can reach the anode thereby affecting the efficiency of electron emission, simulation shows that reducing the electrode height, increasing anode voltage and applying arc electrode of large radius can increase electron emission.
摘要:The organic solar cells have been extensively studied due to low fabricated cost, easy processability and compatibility with flexible substrates. The bulk heterojunction solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) blends has been prepared with the solution-processed method. Influence of processing conditions on the performance of P3HT:PCBM solar cells were investigated under ambient atmosphere, such as heated-up time of P3HT:PCBM solution on water bath, P3HT: PCBM weight percent, spin-coating speed, and solvent annealing of P3HT:PCBM thin film. P3HT:PCBM solar cells with open circuit voltage of 0.62 V, short circuit current density of 14.97 mA/cm2, fill factor of 42.21% and an efficiency of 3.92% were obtained by using the optimum condition. This improvement in the efficiency is possibly due to the homogeneous mixture and higher ordering P3HT:PCBM thin films, which enhanced carrier carrying ability as well as enlarged contact area of the polymer molecules rearrangement. The efficiency of the organic polymer bulk heterojunction solar cells was also improved. The good fabricated environment under ambient atmosphere was benefit to their commercialization.
摘要:This paper introduced several methods of measuring rotational viscosity of nematic liquid crystal, and analyzed the characteristic of each. According to the method of transient current, the rotational viscosity of nematic LC mixture has been gotten. Through improving the method of measuring dielectric constant Δε of liquid crystal, rotational viscosity of LC mixture can be measured exactly.The changing line between Δε and rotational viscosity have been measured. A method for calculating the rotational viscosity of LC monomer was supplied.The relations of rotational viscosity and dielectric constant of liquid crystal monomer with different structures were summarized.
摘要:This paper aims to solve some existing problems in OLED micro display-when showing highlighting static images with a high contrast ratio for very long time, the OLED micro display presents quite different phenomena in the process of pixel and brightness recession, and when the images are updated, sticking appear on the micro display-through making some compensation for the pixel recession on the OLED micro display in the current PWM pixel driving circuit. In the paper, a brief introduction of the structure and theoretical analysis of the working principles of the driving circuit are given. It introduces the principle of OLED pixel recession and compensation in the driving circuit, and analyzes the relations between the recession and compensation process and some parameters in the circuit through trials and errors in the experiment. The conclusion that shows when the difference of the pixel recession is below 30 MΩ, the ratio of pixel recession in the current PWM driving circuit is only 50% of the traditional driving circuit.
摘要:A new unknown horizontal line Mura which happened in a new product development has been studied. Through analysis and improvement study, it was found that Fan-out area Gate-Line metal resistance difference of different layer in alternate layout design is the main reason for this unknown Mura defect. The experimental results show that this defect can be solved by changing the material and thickness of Gate-Line layer, and the feasibility of mass production was demonstrated through experimentation.
关键词:horizontal line Mura;fan-out area;gate-line layer alternate layout design
摘要:SiNx:H and a-SiN:H thin films were prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition system. This paper investigated the effect of deposition condition of SiNx:H film on the interfacial properties of a-SiN:H/SiNx:H films, which was characterized by electrical, optical and mechanical measurements. The results showed that excessive silicon could increase interface-state density significantly, which damaged performance of TFT characte-ristics. On/Off current ratio of a-Si TFT was up to 3.24×107 when the ratio of the SiH4 and NH3 gas mass flow rate was 7:15. When the power density was increased above 31.5 W/cm2, its influence on the electrical property of LCD devices would become weak; meanwhile, the stress was significantly increased. On/Off current ratio was increased by 5.5 times by using optimized parameters of SiNx:H thin film.
摘要:This paper introduces the principle, design solution and verification method of auto-stereoscopic display using an electric-field-driven LC lens. In order to realize the optimal 3D performance, professional software simulation and trail verification were used to adjust the design solution. It provides that a novel design about the electrode, specially discuss the distribution law of cell gap and refractive index, and the effect of retardation on 3D crosstalk. Using novel electrode structure and the rule of LC cell retardation to design electric-field-driven LC lens, 3D crosstalk can be reduced to below 3%, the 3D module show excellent 3D image quality. It has very important significance to design and study the electric-field-driven LC lens.
摘要:Birefringence dispersion characteristics of nematic liquid crystal tunable phase retarder are measured and analyzed by using the theory of polarized light interference with three different wavelength (405 nm, 635 nm, 904 nm) lasers at three different temperature condition (25℃, 40℃, 60℃). And the Cauchy dispersion formulae are obtained by fitting with the data at the three wavelengths and three temperature conditions. It is shown that this method is effective to analysis the nematic liquid crystal birefringence dispersion characteristics. The liquid crystal birefringence at 589 nm and 25℃ is deduced. The birefringence value is 0.268, it only has about 4.28% deviation with the published data (0.257) from the liquid crystal product datasheet. This study provides a new way to character the liquid crystal birefringence, and the results can be used as a reference for the liquid crystal tunable devices design and application.
摘要:By introducing the big screen positioning method based on visual touch, the visual touch principle is expounded and large screen touch system is built. In order to meet the requirements of accurate positioning, the full screen diagonal segmented calibration method is proposed and calibration points are fitted, the positioning for optical multi-touch system is achieved. The experiments demonstrated that in conditions of touching calibration points accurately, the vision-based big screen touch system is able to achieve accurate positioning within 3 pixels when the area is 2 cm away from the up edge of the screen. Positioning can be reached within 10 pixels when the area is within 2 cm from the up edge of the screen.
摘要:Flicker is the serious defect of TFT-LCD. In this paper the relations among photo-Ioff, Vcom, flicker and Vgs had been observed through a series of experiments, and the mechanism explanation is demonstrated. The change of Vgs brings ΔVp, results in the shift of Vcom and flicker, however, this kind of flicker can be avoided theoretically by the Vcom adjustment if the uniformity of Vcom has no problem. The pixel's voltage holding characteristic has difference between the positive and negative frames due to the Photo-Ioff, so the further shift of Vcom and flicker are happened. The flicker phenomena can be improved by decreasing the value of Photo-Ioff or increasing the Vgl.
摘要:The mechanism of Edge Albino with starting up is investigated by checking of powering on status, and improving methods are demonstrated. The results of analysis show that root cause of Edge Albino comes from interference of electric field which induces LC molecule switch and light leakage. The inter-surface profile of edge area influences on distribution of electric charge and LC molecule alignment, BM resistance impacts spread of induced electric charge. The paper presents relevant experiments for countermeasure. Experimental results show that some methods can solve the problem of edge albino, including decreasing outer gate lines, adding shield layer of induced charge, using high resistance BM material, as well as enlarging distance between gate line and active area. The mechanism of edge albino and countermeasure is investigated in detail.
关键词:edge Albino with starting up;induced charge;gate line;gate-off voltage
摘要:This paper presents the backlight design ideas and methods of liquid crystal display which meets Energy Star 6.0. The standard of Energy Star 6.0 power consumption and testing method were introduced, and we replaced 3020-LED bar with low luminous efficiency to 4014-LED bar with high luminous efficiency on 51.1 cm(20.1 in) liquid crystal display Energy Star 5.0, which made the power consumption of backlight significantly decreased. Tested data show the Energy Star 6.0 power consumption is about 14.34 W of whole liquid crystal display, which is much lower than the requirement value 16.60 W. Besides, the estimated and tested data were compared and analyzed, the result shows the estimated and tested data are almost same.
关键词:liquid crystal display;energy star 6.0;backlight;4014-LED
摘要:Shutter glasses 3D LCD is the main product in the current market, and improving its crosstalk can improve its display quality.This paper describes a kind of shutter glasses 3D device which uses preliminary charging and charging method to write pixel data as well as side type LED backlight unit. Cooperating with LED backlight timing, this device reaches high 3D luminance and reduces 3D crosstalk. In the experiment, 139.7 cm(55 in) shutter glasses 3D display device is made, and the signal driving method of preliminary charging and charging to write pixel data and 8 groups of scanning backlight LED to control timing are adopted. Then, the signal and 3D optical tests of this device are finished, and the result shows this method can reduce the response time of the liquid crystal as well as the 3D crosstalk.
摘要:The design of pixel driving circuit's parameter is one of the important contents of the AMOLED driver's design. In the paper, as an example with the basic structure of the 2T1C pixel driving circuit, the paper expounds the basic idea of the parameters design, process and method. It is an important reference design for the pixel driving circuit's parameter of other structure parameters. This paper describes the working principle on the basic structure of the 2T1C pixel driving circuit, then it puts forward the streamline design of the parameters with the engineering practice, finally the analysis is verified by SmartSpice simulation. The experiments of SmartSpice simulation indicated that the streamline design is feasible and it can quickly get the pixel driving circuit parameters.
摘要:High frame rate and multiple channels digital image acquisition and display based on standard Camera Link interface has been developed. The system can grab and process the digital camera image data, then display it at real-time. System structure is designed according to the need of the system function. The design method for each functional module of the system is presented. The software and hardware design of the system have been finished. This work also introduced the method for image data storage and reading out of multiple channels camera,and the design method of VGA module in detail. Experimental results indicate that high frame rate image whose resolution is 80×80, frame rate is 2 000 frames/s, can be grabbed, processed and displayed by the system and acquire the desired effect successfully.
摘要:The input macro block was used in the design of a signal receiver that turned LVDS signal into CMOS signal. The terminal resistors were analyzed; two methods of using terminal resistance were illustrated. The principle and the using of FPGA embedded resis-tance were emphatically analyzed. DDR technology was used, the method of using 3.5 times clock frequency to process 7 times data was researched and the frequency of data process was reduced. A serial to parallel converter was designed by using the data buffer. The method of data alignment and the two signal mapping formats supported by OpenLDI were analyzed. The data that conforms to the two standard data mapping format was output by using a data distributor. Combining with the characteristics of the Xilinx's FPGA clock processing macro block, the method of the clock recovering was researched. The periodic constraints, the special constraints, and the location constraints were used to improve the reliability of system. In order to improve the signal integrity of the whole circuit board and reduce the complexity of PCB layout, the method of inverting LVDS signals was studied.
摘要:According to the disadvantage of too strongly contrast enhancement of traditional histogram equalization algorithm, a new image enhancement algorithm based on effective control of contrast was presented. First, the statistical histogram distribution and the ave-rage brightness were calculated. Then the histogram distribution is adjusted by the adaptive method. Finally the converting formula is calculated and the new bright values were obtained. An embedded high speed image enhancement processing system on high performance DSP TMS320DM6455 and FPGA was designed. Experimental results with real images showed that the system can naturally enhance overall image, the local contrast of the image is perfect, and the excessive sense of violation is prevented, and the process is simple, the running speed of the program is fast, so it can meet the requirements in the project.
摘要:In order to improve three-dimensional measurement accuracy in the large field and to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional bundle adjustment algorithm for image correction being not ideal for large field of view (the control points concentrated in the center of the view), this paper presented a multi-camera 3D measurement methods based on multi-constraint fusion algorithm. The basic idea is collinear equation of three-dimensional space coordinates of the control points and corresponding pixel coordinates is looked as constraints, using the known distance constraint, three-point collinear, four-point coplanar to establish the restriction between coordinates of the control points and pixel points, thus completing the three-dimensional coordinate measurement, at the same time, achieving the online calibration of the system parameters. In the experiment, the RMS error and relative accuracy of distance are used to analyses the measurement accuracy, the relative accuracy of distance reaches to 1:7 000~1:15 000, compared to the traditional bundle adjustment algorithm, the measurement accuracy of this algorithm is improved an order of magnitude, it is a reliable high-precision vision measurement method.
摘要:The color filter array (CFA ) format image needs to interpolation to obtain the full color image. However, the interpolation algorithm of the CFA image is more complex, the image quality is higher, but the complexity algorithm will take more time to implementation, and it is inconvenient for real-time processing. This paper introduces two interpolation algorithm: the bilinear interpolation and edge oriented interpolation, and uses the FPGA hardware platform to realize the bilinear interpolation algorithm and the edge orientation algorithm, and analyzes two kind of algorithm with black and white stripes image. Conside-ring the edge direction, the edge oriented interpolation algorithm prevents the border interpolation, so the interpolation effect is better than that of the bilinear interpolation algorithm. Although the algorithm is some more complex, the optimized design of FPGA cache module, using parallel and pipiline processing mode, will fully meet the real-time requirements of engineering.
摘要:In order to meet the requirement of several devices process and access high rate image data at the same time, the theory and method of realizing high speed real-time multiport image process system on Virtex6 FPGA was introduced. Taking sample of input or output data by Chipscope to validate its feasibility and reliability. Its system rate and other primary time parameter was analyzed and computed. Camera input was realized, PCIe input-output and DVI output etc. Experimental result showed that the system has the advantages of high integration level, high transmission bandwidth and low power consumption etc. It has great use value in real-time image processing field.
摘要:To overcome the affine transformation, especially great viewpoint changing between the real-time image and the reference image, an anti-viewpoint changing image matching algorithm based on SURF is proposed to bridge the gap of the original one, which may lead to failed matching for the lack of correct matched pairs. The proposed algorithm simulated possible perspective transformations from the original image, generated a set of simulated image sequences, and extracted SURF feature points in the sequence images. Then, the feature points of the simulated image sequence were mapped to the reference image. Finally, the matching point pairs are obtained by the method of the euclidean distance criterion. Experiment results show that the proposed algorithm increases the matching pairs of the feature points, and overcomes the influence of viewpoint change (more than 60°) in image matching.
摘要:In order to obtain an accurate correlation between the 2D image information obtained by filming and the information of its corresponding 3D object, and to reduce the effect that the distortion of CCD camera lens has on the image, a correct mathematical model is set up. Based on the MATLAB camera calibration toolbox, the projection matrix consisting of the camera's internal and external parameters is obtained. Thus, the correction process of the distorted image is completed. In the process of calibration and solving, detailed description and analysis of each step in operation is given, the data results are constantly optimized, and by simultaneously calling the space stereo image model, the experimental data is more directly presented. The verification of the correction of the image captured by the same camera, using experimental data, is made. The experimental results indicate that the distorted image has been effectively restored. Overall, the proposed method is simple, time-efficient, direct, accurate and of significant utility.
摘要:In order to achieve automatic alarm for source of threats, an automatic alarming system is established using BP neural network. A feature extraction algorithm using contour fragments are proposed to solve the problem that the edges of the target extracted by frame subtraction is repeated and affected by changing background. Firstly, K-mediod clustering is used to remove repeated edge fragments. Then the matching cost between fragments to be recognized and validation set are computed combining with fragments growing method to eliminate the fragments of background.Then the fragments that have the minimal matching costs are extracted to obtain a codebook of edge fragments. Then improved normalized moments are calculated to generate the feature vector. At last the feature vector is inputted into the improved BP neural network for classification. Experimental results indicate that the algorithm is suitable for typical rigid target recognition. The averaging detection rate is up to 93.5% and averaging computing time of single frame is 3.67 ms for guns in experimental video. For cars in motion segmentation data set from Berkeley the averaging detection rate is up to 98.2% and averaging computing time of single frame is 5.26 ms. The algorithm proposed in this article has a high recognition rate and good real-time performance.