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1.中国科学院 长春光学精密机械与物理研究所, 吉林 长春 130033
2.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
3.吉林省智能波前传感与控制重点实验室, 吉林 长春 130033
Received:02 February 2026,
Revised:2026-02-15,
Published:05 March 2026
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YAN Zhengqi, WANG Jianli, ZHANG Junrui, et al. Atmospheric coherence length measurement algorithm based on Gaussian background modeling[J]. Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays, 2026, 41(3): 430-439.
YAN Zhengqi, WANG Jianli, ZHANG Junrui, et al. Atmospheric coherence length measurement algorithm based on Gaussian background modeling[J]. Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays, 2026, 41(3): 430-439. DOI: 10.37188/CJLCD.2026-0026. CSTR: 32172.14.CJLCD.2026-0026.
为克服天光背景噪声对大气相干长度测量精度造成的影响,本文应用哈特曼波前传感器,结合高斯背景建模算法对强背景噪声进行抑制和去除,实现了低信噪比下大气相干长度的测量。首先通过高斯背景建模算法,提高了哈特曼波前传感器的子孔径光斑质心的计算精度,进而提高波前复原和Zernike系数计算结果的精度。进一步地,根据波前信息计算其波前相位方差,并根据波前相位方差法的原理对Zernike系数方差进行解算,最终得到大气相干长度。仿真结果表明,在质心计算阶段引入高斯背景建模算法,能够有效抑制天光背景噪声影响,提高大气相干长度的测量精度。引入高斯背景建模算法后,经过Zernike系数解算和大气相干长度测量过程,大气相干长度的总相对误差约为2.8%。该方法能够实现强背景噪声条件下的大气相干长度测量,并可以应用于白天激光通信系统性能评估、地基大口径望远镜白天视宁度评价等多个方面,扩展了哈特曼传感器和波前相位方差法应用于大气相干长度测量的工作范围。
To overcome the impact of sky background noise on the measurement accuracy of atmospheric coherence length, this paper applies a Hartmann wavefront sensor, combined with a Gaussian background modeling algorithm to suppress and remove strong background noise, achieving the measurement of atmospheric coherence length under low signal-to-noise ratio conditions.The method proposed in this paper first enhances the calculation accuracy of the sub-aperture spot centroids of the Hartmann wavefront sensor through the Gaussian background modeling algorithm, thereby improving the accuracy of wavefront reconstruction and the calculation results of Zernike coefficients. Furthermore, based on the wavefront information, the wavefront phase variance is calculated, and according to the principle of the wavefront phase variance method, the variance of Zernike coefficients is solved, ultimately obtaining the atmospheric coherence length.Simulation results show that introducing the Gaussian background modeling algorithm in the centroid calculation stage can effectively suppress the influence of skylight background noise and improve the measurement accuracy of the atmospheric coherence length. After introducing the Gaussian background modeling algorithm, following the Zernike coefficient calculation and atmospheric coherence length measurement process, the total relative error of the atmospheric coherence length is about 2.8%.This method can achieve measurements of atmospheric coherence length under strong background noise conditions, and can be applied to various areas such as performance evaluation of daytime laser communication systems and daytime seeing evaluation of ground-based large-aperture telescopes, extending the application scope of Hartmann sensors and wavefront phase variance methods in atmospheric coherence length measurements.
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