基于FPGA的汽车单目测距系统设计

刘强; 潘明; 李永伟

doi:10.3788/YJYXS20142903.0422

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基于FPGA的汽车单目测距系统设计

器件驱动与控制 | 更新时间：2020-08-12

- 基于FPGA的汽车单目测距系统设计
- Design of vehicle monocular ranging system based on FPGA
- 液晶与显示 2014年29卷第3期页码：422-428
- 作者机构：
  
  桂林电子科技大学电子工程与自动化学院, 广西桂林 541004
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.3788/YJYXS20142903.0422
  中图分类号： TP212
- 收稿日期：2013-09-25，
  
  修回日期：2013-10-12，
  
  网络出版日期：2013-11-01，
  
  纸质出版日期：2014-04-25
- 稿件说明：
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刘强, 潘明, 李永伟. 基于FPGA的汽车单目测距系统设计[J]. 液晶与显示, 2014,29(3): 422-428

LIU Qiang, PAN Ming, LI Yong-wei. Design of vehicle monocular ranging system based on FPGA[J]. , 2014,29(3): 422-428
刘强, 潘明, 李永伟. 基于FPGA的汽车单目测距系统设计[J]. 液晶与显示, 2014,29(3): 422-428 DOI： 10.3788/YJYXS20142903.0422.

LIU Qiang, PAN Ming, LI Yong-wei. Design of vehicle monocular ranging system based on FPGA[J]. , 2014,29(3): 422-428 DOI： 10.3788/YJYXS20142903.0422.

摘要

为了避免交通追尾事故的发生，提出了一种基于现场可编程逻辑门阵列（FPGA）的嵌入式汽车测距方案。对该系统所采用的图像采集、图像处理、基于小孔成像原理的单目车距测量等算法进行研究。系统以友晶公司DE2 FPGA开发板为硬件平台，通过对PAL制模拟摄像机输出的CVBS（Composite Video Broadcast Signal）视频流的采集、灰度化、滤波、边缘检测、膨胀、腐蚀、车牌定位、车牌大小的检测、液晶屏显示，实现了单目视觉汽车实时测距。整个系统使用Verilog硬件描述语言实现图像采集与显示、各种图像处理算法、车牌定位与车距测量算法，图像处理速度达到了每秒25 frame/s，大大提高了系统的实时性。实验结果表明，系统所测试的距离误差最大仅为2.57%。该系统可用于汽车辅助驾驶，预防汽车追尾，也可用于智能机器人视觉。

Abstract

In order to avoid rear-end collision

an embedded car ranging system based on the field-programmable gate array(FPGA) is presented and its applied algorithms such as image acquisition

image processing

monocular distance measurement based on small hole imaging and etc are investigated. The hardware platform for the design is Terasic DE2 FPGA development board. The system uses a single camera to measure the distance in real time between two cars. It acquires the CVBS (Composite Video Broadcast Signal) video stream from PAL camera. The system detects the range by image graying

filtering

detecting edge

dilation

erosion

locating license plate

computing the size and liquid crystal display. The whole system uses Verilog hardware description language to realize image acquisition and display

all kinds of image processing algorithm

license plate location and distance measurement algorithm. The image processing speed reaches 25 frame/s which greatly improves the real-time performance of the system. Experimental results indicate that the maximum distance error is only 2.57%. The system can be used for the auxiliary driving to prevent the collision or intelligent robot vision.

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Keywords

references

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