最新刊期
卷 39 ， 期 12 ， 2024
- “据最新报道，液晶在光学微腔中的应用研究取得重要进展，为光学通信和信息处理带来新的研究机遇。”摘要：In recent years， the application of liquid crystals in optical microcavities has emerged as a cutting-edge research hotspot. High-quality-factor optical microcavities enable precise control and modulation of light， while liquid crystals offer additional tunability and optical anisotropy， enriching the physical mechanisms of light field control. This paper summarizes the research progress of liquid crystals in optical microcavities， with a particular focus on the characteristic of changing the light field distribution within the microcavity by electrically regulating the orientation of liquid crystal molecules. This physical mechanism has shown great potential in polarization state modulation and other fields. Additionally， the latest research trends in liquid crystal microcavity photonics are discussed， including non-Hermitian photonics， topological photonics， and the manipulation of exciton-polariton condensates in liquid crystal microcavities with the perovskite CsPbBr3 as optically active material， and discuss how these advances may open up new research opportunities for optical communication and information processing. Finally， the paper looks forward to in-depth studies on the interaction mechanisms of liquid crystal microcavity， aiming to provide guidance for the development of future photonic devices and systems.关键词：liquid crystal;optical microcavity;polariton;photonics;vortex
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发布时间：2024-12-10 - “液晶材料因其光学特性，在显示器防窥、太阳光调制等领域展现出巨大应用前景。本文介绍了基于不同材料的视角控制单元，总结了其原理差异及应用问题，并展望了未来发展趋势。”摘要：Benefiting from optical anisotropy and adaptive stimulus-responsive properties， liquid crystals （LCs） have been utilized as critical materials in the preparation of various functional optical devices. Among these， optical devices with viewing angle control characteristics， such as LC display and LC smart window， show great potential in fields like display privacy protection， sunlight modulation， light field shaping and anti-reflection. As the core components of such devices， a series of optical units with angle-dependent light transmission properties have been designed and integrated in recent years， enabling LC devices to meet the viewing angle control requirements of different application scenarios， such as narrow viewing angle control， specified viewing angle control， or dynamic viewing angle adjust ability. This article introduces viewing angle control units based on different types of LC or non-LC materials， summarizes the differences in their view angle control mechanisms， discusses the challenges they face in practical applications， and offers a perspective on their future development trends and potential application scenarios.关键词：liquid crystal;viewing angle control;anisotropy;intelligent display
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发布时间：2024-12-10 - “飞秒激光赋能液晶光子学，推动软物质学科发展，为光学器件开发带来新机遇。”摘要：Liquid crystal， as a kind of typical soft material， has unique physical properties and controllable molecular structures， which has become the research frontier in the fields of flexible optoelectronic devices and soft condensed matter physics. The high peak power and short pulse duration characteristics of femtosecond laser combined with the flexible and high-precision two-photon polymerization processing technology provide an effective experimental scheme for the design and manufacture of novel regulatable liquid crystal photonics microstructures to manipulate the linear and nonlinear responses of the liquid crystal molecules. Femtosecond laser-empowered liquid crystal photonics can not only promote the rapid development of soft matter， but also bring new opportunities for the development of optical devices in the future. In this paper， the nonlinear effects in liquid crystals induced by femtosecond laser， the fabrication of liquid crystal elastomers by using femtosecond laser processing technology and the realization of out of plane orientation of liquid crystal molecules by microstructures fabricated by femtosecond laser are reviewed， and the recent research progress of the relevant directions in the field of practical application is also introduced.关键词：liquid crystal;femtosecond laser;two-photon polymerization processing;nonlinear;photonics microstructure
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发布时间：2024-12-10 - “最新研究揭示了液晶软光子拓扑结构的独特性及其在多个科学领域的应用前景，为光子信息集成等领域提供新思路。”摘要：The distinct states formed by introducing topology into liquid crystal micro-nano photonic systems are referred to as soft-photonic topological structures. Liquid crystals， as an anisotropic soft material， provide an excellent landscape for constructing topological structures in various dimensions. The unique optoelectronic properties of liquid crystals allow topological structures， functioned as quasi-particles， to be optically observed， spatially reconstructed， and microscopically manipulated. With ongoing research， the methods for fabricating soft-photonic topological structures in liquid crystals are continuously improving， with increasing precision， completeness of topological characteristic number， and more potential applications， such as optical soliton control， light information integration， and light-controlled particle motion. This review starts from homotopy theory， introducing and illustrating how to construct two distinct types of topological bodies in liquid crystals and their corresponding dynamic control as response to external stimulus. It then discusses the uniqueness of topological structures in soft liquid crystals， exploring how liquid crystal topological motifs permeate various research fields and their notable applications. Finally， the review gives a summary as well as a brief discussion on future possibilities for unusual manipulating and more complex system for constructing the topological motifs.关键词：soft matter liquid crystal;topological structure;configurable self-assembly;optical tweezer micro-manipulation;optical field control
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发布时间：2024-12-10
Liquid Crystal Optics Devices
- “在先进显示、光学加密和多通道通信领域，研究人员提出了基于双手性胆甾相液晶超结构的自旋解耦彩色全息术，实现了圆偏振复用的彩色全息。”摘要：As the demand for information capacity and color quality continues to increase， color optical holography has garnered significant attention and is now widely applied in areas such as color displays， augmented reality （AR）/virtual reality （VR） and information encryption. However， most current color holography techniques are based on metasurfaces and similar systems， achieving color holography in soft matter， specifically those represented by liquid crystals， remains challenging. In this study， we propose a bi-chiral cholesteric liquid crystal （CLC） superstructure， which enables circular polarization multiplexed color holography through the liquid crystal photoalignment and Bragg reflection band modulation techniques. By employing washout and refill steps involving a surface-initiated polymerization process， alongside liquid crystal photopatterning technology， we achieve spin-decoupled geometric phase， enabling the independent phase modulation of left- and right-handed circularly polarized light. The geometric phase and the resultant holographic image are generated exclusively when the incident light’s polarization and wavelength precisely match those of the CLC. Through the independent control of Bragg reflection bands in left- and right-handed CLCs， multiple holographic images are successfully generated on the same diffraction plane， resulting in the tunable and multiplexed color holography. The proposed spin-decoupled color holography via bi-chiral liquid crystal superstructures holds great promise in advanced displays， optical encryption and multi-channel communication.关键词：color holography;liquid crystals;chiral superstructures;geometric phases;light multi-plexing
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发布时间：2024-12-10 - “结构色液晶弹性体在材料学和光学领域取得显著进展，专家综述了其在环境感知、显示加密、仿生学和智能织物等领域的研究进展，为实际应用提供解决方案。”摘要：Structural-colored liquid crystal elastomer （SLCE） is a class of crosslinked polymer networks combining optical structural colors and rubber-like elastic properties. Structural-colored liquid crystal elastomer devices produce vibrant and durable colors by Bragg reflection from their internal periodic submicron structures. In recent years， the development of structural design and manipulation techniques has led to a significant increase in the versatility and tunability of structural-colored liquid crystal elastomer， which has driven its development in the fields of materials science and optics. In this paper， we briefly introduce the basic properties of cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer and blue phase liquid crystal elastomer， followed by focusing on an overview of their research progress in the fields of environment sensing， display encryption， bionics and smart fabrics. Finally， a further summary and outlook are given for the challenges and application prospects of structural-colored liquid crystal elastomer in practical applications.关键词：structural color;liquid crystal elastomer;cholesteric liquid crystal;blue phase liquid crystal
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发布时间：2024-12-09 - “最新研究发现，蓝相液晶相变过程具有重要应用前景，专家揭示了其相变行为机理，为制备大面积单畴蓝相提供指导。”摘要：Blue-phase liquid crystals are self-assembled three-dimensional soft photonic crystals with a wide range of applications in the fields of sensing and display， information encryption， anti-counterfeiting， and optical devices. However， the research on the blue-phase phase transition is not sufficient. In this paper， phase transition process was investigated for the single-domain BPⅡ to BPⅠ （a wide temperature interval 2.5 ℃） based on optical and structural features， and the mechanism of phase transition behaviors at each stage was elucidated by using the crystal nucleation and growth theory. BPⅡ-BPⅠ coexistence stage was proved by the bimodal peaks of the reflectance spectra and the superposition of circles and quadruple arcs in the Kossel diffraction pattern， which indicated simple superposition of the BPⅡ and BPⅠ phase state. The lamellar growth structures of the BPⅡ， BPⅡ-BPⅠ， and BPⅠ phases were observed using polarized light microscopy and low-voltage scanning electron microscopy. BPⅠ was found to nucleate and grow epitaxially from the edge dislocations of BPⅡ， and its phase transition process transformed layer by layer from top to bottom of the cell. The edge dislocations and screw dislocations moved and merged at the BPⅠ stage， transforming the texture into a concentric ring. This study is of great significance both for enrich the theory of blue phase transition and guiding the preparation of large-area single-domain blue phases.关键词：blue phase;phase transition;laminar structure;crystal nucleation growth;dislocations
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发布时间：2024-12-09
Chiral Liquid Crystal Materials
- 摘要：Liquid crystal elastomers （LCEs）exhibit a distinctive damping mechanism and excellent energy dissipation behavior in the field of damping， owning to their unique dynamic mechanical properties—“soft elasticity”. Under external forces， the mesogens can change their directions and absorb external energy， achieving effective damping behavior. Compared with traditional polymers， LCE has higher damping factor and broader effective damping temperature range， enabling them effective application in various environments. The “rate-dependent behavior” of LCEs also endows them with superior mechanical performance and energy absorption abilities under high strain rate conditions， and thus they can be used to construct new types of high-impact resistance equipment. The monodomain liquid crystal elastomer is uniformly orientated， which exhibits superior damping properties compared to polydomain liquid crystal elastomer. With the help of 3D printing technology， bulk monodomain liquid crystal elastomer can also be prepared. In the separated Hopkinson bar experiment and shaking table experiment tests， liquid crystal elastomers have shown superior energy absorption abilities compared to traditional polymer materials.Utilizing advanced processing techniques， LCEs can also be fabricated into various lightweight and high-performance structures. This paper provides an overview of the damping mechanism， damping characteristics， and dynamic mechanical properties of LCEs， and discusses their challenges and opportunities in the field of damping.关键词：liquid crystal elastomer;soft elasticity;damping factor;rate-dependent behavior
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发布时间：2024-12-10 - “液晶聚合物微执行器技术突破，为微型机器人等领域应用提供新方向。”摘要：Liquid crystal polymers are environment-responsive materials capable of intelligent deformation. Microactuators constructed from these smart materials can directly convert environmental stimuli into mechanical motion without the need for complex energy conversion components or mechanical transmission structures. Consequently， liquid crystal polymer microactuators hold significant potential for applications in fields such as microrobotics， intelligent transport and biomedical devices. There are two primary technical challenges in the micromachining of liquid crystal polymer： the fabrication of micro/nanoscale devices and the alignment of liquid crystals. This paper reviews recent micro/nanofabrication methods for liquid crystal polymers and the potential application areas of the corresponding functional devices， focusing on how to address these two technical challenges.关键词：micro/nano fabrication;liquid crystal polymers;flexible actuators;stimulus-responsive deformation;liquid crystal alignment
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发布时间：2024-12-10 - “液晶弹性体智能材料在人工肌肉、软体机器人等领域取得新进展，为软机器人等领域发展提供新见解。”摘要：Liquid crystal elastomer （LCE） smart materials have been widely studied from basic science to technical application due to their features such as reversibility， flexibility， superior environmental adaptation and versatility. In this paper， we mainly review the design and preparation of LCE films and fiber soft actuators in recent years， and the latest research progress in artificial muscles， soft robots and smart textiles. The basic design and synthesis strategy of LCE fiber composite soft actuators are revealed. Their unique properties， underlying mechanism and potential applications are described. Finally， a brief conclusion is summarized and the opportunities and challenges in materials and chemistry science based on LCE soft actuators are summarized. This paper will provide new insights for the development of LCE intelligent materials in the fields of soft robotics， flexible electronics， advanced energy and smart wearables， and promote the rapid development of interdisciplinary disciplines such as nanoscience， synthetic chemistry， materials science and device integration.关键词：liquid crystal elastomer fiber;artificial muscles;soft robotics;flexible electronics;smart wearable
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发布时间：2024-12-10
Liquid Crystal Actuation Materials
- “最新研究报道，科研人员利用多种合成方法，成功设计合成了6种新型异硫氰基非手性β-甲基丁基多联苯类液晶化合物，并对其结构、相态及微波介电性能进行了测试分析。”摘要：Six new isothiocyanato-non-chiral β-methylbutyl polybiphenyl liquid crystal compounds A1~A6 are designed and synthesized by various synthetic methods， such as Appel reaction， Grignard reaction， Suzuki coupling reaction， etc.， using achiral DL-（±）-2-methyl-1-butanol and bromobenzene as raw materials， and the molecular structures， phases， and microwave dielectric properties of these compounds have been tested and analyzed. The results show that the melting points of the triphenyl liquid crystal compounds A1~A3 gradually decrease with the increase of the number of fluorine atoms， and the lowest melting point reaches 37 ℃， and the width of its nematic phase temperature reaches 71 ℃. When the substituents of fluorine atoms are in the same position and the same number， the melting point of the compounds with β-methylbutyl is lower than that of the compounds with n-butyl group. However， when the substituents of the tetrabiphenyl benzene ring side position are changed， the melting point of the —F-substituted compounds A4 is the lowest， followed by that of the —CH3 substituent A6， and —Cl substituent A5 has the highest melting point， and all three of them have a nematic phase temperature range of more than 120 ℃. In the microwave band 9~30 GHz，compounds A2~A6 show good dielectric properties with dielectric anisotropy greater than 0.903 and vertical dielectric loss values between 0.003 3~0.010 7， among which the vertical dielectric loss of compound A6 is as low as 0.003 8 with a quality factor of 66.12 at 19 GHz. The different substituents contribute differently to the reduction of the maximum （vertical） dielectric loss： —CH3>—Cl>—F， and the magnitude of different substituents to the improvement of the dielectric anisotropy （Δεr） value is —F>—Cl>—CH3.关键词：liquid crystals for microwave;dielectric loss;β-methylbutyl polybiphenyls;fluorine substitution;synthesis
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发布时间：2024-12-10
Microwave Liquid Crystal Materials
- “最新研究发现，软物质准晶在药物递送、传感器开发等领域具有广阔应用前景，为材料科学提供新视角。”摘要：In the 1980s， Shechtman discovered quasicrystals with icosahedral symmetry in an Al-Mn alloy， a groundbreaking finding that shocked the scientific community and later earned him the 2011 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The discovery of quasicrystals has redefined the framework for observing and classifying matter， expanding the understanding of crystal structures from the established 230 space groups to an infinite array of possibilities. Initially， quasicrystal research focused on metallic alloys， but as research progressed， scientists also identified quasicrystals in soft matter. These soft materials， which form unique supramolecular structures through self-assembly， have significantly enriched and advanced quasicrystal research. This paper provides a comprehensive review of various soft materials capable of forming quasicrystals， including dendrimers， block copolymers， surfactants， giant amphiphiles， and biomolecules. Soft matter quasicrystals have demonstrated considerable potential in diverse applications， such as drug delivery， sensor development， and energy storage. The study of quasicrystals in soft matter not only extends the fundamental theories of materials science but also offers new perspectives and potential breakthroughs in understanding material structures and their innovative applications.关键词：quasicrystals;soft matter;self-assembly;supramolecule;symmetry
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发布时间：2024-12-10
Soft Matter Self-assembly
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