

浏览全部资源
扫码关注微信
1. 长春理工大学 计算机科学技术学院, 吉林 长春 130022
2. 吉林省大数据科学与工程联合重点实验室, 吉林 长春 130022
3. 吉林省网络数据库应用软件科技创新中心, 吉林 长春 130022
Received:16 December 2025,
Revised:2026-01-21,
Published:05 February 2026
移动端阅览
LUO Kexin, LI Songjiang, WANG Peng, et al. Lightweight algorithm for small object detection in UAV images[J]. Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays, 2026, 41(2): 253-266.
LUO Kexin, LI Songjiang, WANG Peng, et al. Lightweight algorithm for small object detection in UAV images[J]. Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays, 2026, 41(2): 253-266. DOI: 10.37188/CJLCD.2025-0250. CSTR: 32172.14.CJLCD.2025-0250.
针对现有检测模型对无人机影像中目标、特别是小目标检测不充分的问题,本文提出一种轻量化小目标检测模型PRSU-YOLO。首先,设计风车结构卷积自适应模块,增强对细微特征的提取能力;其次,构建重参数化空间-通道卷积模块,通过动态特征重建优化多尺度表征;再次,在颈部网络中嵌入小目标检测增强分支,构建高分辨率细节特征的强化路径;最后,引入尺度动态交并比损失函数,使模型能够自适应地调整边界框回归策略。本文模型在计算复杂度仅增加14.6 GFLOPS的基础上,在VisDrone2019数据集上的mAP@0.5达到37.4%,较基线模型提升4.4%;在TinyPerson数据集上的精确率达到34.5%,提升3.5%。实验结果表明,该模型在显著提升检测能力的同时,有效控制了计算成本,为无人机对地观测场景下的目标检测任务提供了有效的解决方案。
To address the insufficient feature extraction of existing detection models for tiny targets, this paper proposes a lightweight small object detection model named PRSU-YOLO. First, a Pinwheel-shaped Convolutional Adaptive Module is designed to enhance the directional extraction capability of subtle features. Second, a Reparameterized Spatial-Channel Convolution Module is constructed to optimize multi-scale representation through dynamic feature reconstruction. Third, a Small Object Detection Branch is embedded in the neck network to establish an enhancement pathway for high-resolution detail features. Finally, a Scale-based Dynamic Intersection over Union loss function is introduced, enabling the model to adaptively adjust the bounding-box regression strategy. With only a 14.6 GFLOPS increase in computational complexity, the proposed model achieves an mAP@0.5 of 37.4% on the VisDrone2019, representing a significant improvement of 4.4% over the baseline. On the TinyPerson, it attained a precision of 34.5%, which is an increase of 3.5% compared to the baseline. The experimental results demonstrate that the model significantly enhances detection capability while effectively controlling computational cost, providing an effective solution for small object detection tasks in UAV-based ground observation scenarios.
李大湘 , 辛嘉妮 , 刘颖 . 位置敏感Transformer航拍图像目标检测模型 [J]. 光学 精密工程 , 2024 , 32 ( 5 ): 727 - 739 . doi: 10.37188/ope.20243205.0727 http://dx.doi.org/10.37188/ope.20243205.0727
LI D X , XIN J N , LIU Y . Position-sensitive Transformer aerial image object detection model [J]. Optics and Precision Engineering , 2024 , 32 ( 5 ): 727 - 739 . (in Chinese) . doi: 10.37188/ope.20243205.0727 http://dx.doi.org/10.37188/ope.20243205.0727
吕学涵 , 李富 , 祁铭瑞 , 等 . 基于改进YOLOv11s的无人机小目标检测算法 [J]. 液晶与显示 , 2025 , 40 ( 11 ): 1744 - 1756 .
LV X H , LI F , QI M R , et al . Target detection algorithm based on improved YOLOv11s UAV aerial image [J]. Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays , 2025 , 40 ( 11 ): 1744 - 1756 . (in Chinese)
ZHANG H X , ZHANG H , LIU K , et al . UAV-DETR: efficient end-to-end object detection for unmanned aerial vehicle imagery [C]. 2025 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). Hangzhou, China : IEEE , 2025 : 15143 - 15149 . doi: 10.1109/iros60139.2025.11246176 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros60139.2025.11246176
张志豪 , 厉小润 , 陈淑涵 . 基于改进YOLO11的无人机航拍图像小目标检测算法 [J]. 液晶与显示 , 2025 , 40 ( 6 ): 915 - 930 . doi: 10.37188/cjlcd.2025-0010 http://dx.doi.org/10.37188/cjlcd.2025-0010
ZHANG Z H , LI X R , CHEN S H . Small object detection algorithm in UAV aerial images based on improved YOLO11 [J]. Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays , 2025 , 40 ( 6 ): 915 - 930 . (in Chinese) . doi: 10.37188/cjlcd.2025-0010 http://dx.doi.org/10.37188/cjlcd.2025-0010
林珊玲 , 张雪 , 陈燕 , 等 . 融合全局信息与双域注意力机制的光学遥感飞机目标检测 [J]. 光学 精密工程 , 2024 , 32 ( 20 ): 3085 - 3098 . doi: 10.37188/ope.20243220.3085 http://dx.doi.org/10.37188/ope.20243220.3085
LIN S L , ZHANG X , CHEN Y , et al . Integrating global information and dual-domain attention mechanism for optical remote sensing aircraft target detection [J]. Optics and Precision Engineering , 2024 , 32 ( 20 ): 3085 - 3098 . (in Chinese) . doi: 10.37188/ope.20243220.3085 http://dx.doi.org/10.37188/ope.20243220.3085
杨潞霞 , 刘泽凯 , 张红瑞 , 等 . 基于上下文协同感知的航拍小目标检测算法 [J]. 液晶与显示 , 2025 , 40 ( 9 ): 1308 - 1320 .
YANG L X , LIU Z K , ZHANG H R , et al . Aerial small target detection algorithm based on context collaborative perception [J]. Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays , 2025 , 40 ( 9 ): 1308 - 1320 . (in Chinese)
GIRSHICK R , DONAHUE J , DARRELL T , et al . Rich feature hierarchies for accurate object detection and semantic segmentation [C]. 2014 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. Columbus : IEEE , 2014 : 580 - 587 . doi: 10.1109/cvpr.2014.81 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2014.81
GIRSHICK R . Fast R-CNN [C]. 2015 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) . Santiago : IEEE , 2015 : 1440 - 1448 . doi: 10.1109/iccv.2015.169 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2015.169
REN S Q , HE K M , GIRSHICK R , et al . Faster R-CNN: towards real-time object detection with region proposal networks [J]. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence , 2017 , 39 ( 6 ): 1137 - 1149 . doi: 10.1109/tpami.2016.2577031 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2016.2577031
REDMON J , DIVVALA S , GIRSHICK R , et al . You only look once: unified, real-time object detection [C]. 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) . Las Vegas : IEEE , 2016 : 779 - 788 . doi: 10.1109/cvpr.2016.91 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2016.91
WANG C Y , YEH I H , LIAO H Y M . YOLOv9: learning what you want to learn using programmable gradient information [C]// Proceedings of 18th European Conference on Computer Vision—ECCV 2024 . Milan : Springer , 2025 : 1 - 21 . doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-72751-1_1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-72751-1_1
WANG A , CHEN H , LIU L H , et al . YOLOv10: real-time end-to-end object detection [C]// Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems . Vancouver : Curran Associates Inc. , 2024 : 3429 . doi: 10.52202/079017-3429 http://dx.doi.org/10.52202/079017-3429
KHANAM R , HUSSAIN M . YOLOv11: an overview of the key architectural enhancements [J/OL]. arXiv , 2024 : 2410 . 17725 . doi: 10.3390/solar5010006 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/solar5010006
HUO T X , LIU Z Q , ZHANG S C , et al . CDNet: object detection based on cross-level aggregation and deformable attention for UAV aerial images [J]. The Visual Computer , 2025 , 41 ( 7 ): 4603 - 4621 . doi: 10.1007/s00371-024-03680-0 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00371-024-03680-0
谭海英 , 杨军 . 面向遥感影像的轻量级卷积神经网络目标检测 [J]. 遥感技术与应用 , 2025 , 40 ( 1 ): 167 - 176 .
TAN H Y , YANG J . Lightweight convolutional neural network object detection for remote sensing images [J]. Remote Sensing Technology and Application , 2025 , 40 ( 1 ): 167 - 176 . (in Chinese)
ZHANG H Y , XIAO P , YAO F F , et al . Fusion of multi-scale attention for aerial images small-target detection model based on PARE-YOLO [J]. Scientific Reports , 2025 , 15 ( 1 ): 4753 . doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-88857-w http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88857-w
XU W Y , CUI C , JI Y C , et al . YOLOv8-MPEB small target detection algorithm based on UAV images [J]. Heliyon , 2024 , 10 ( 8 ): e29501 . doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29501 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29501
DOLORIEL C T C , CAJOTE R D . Improving the detection of small oriented objects in aerial images [C]. 2023 IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision Workshops (WACVW). Waikoloa : IEEE , 2023 : 176 - 185 . doi: 10.1109/wacvw58289.2023.00023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wacvw58289.2023.00023
YANG J N , LIU S L , WU J J , et al . Pinwheel-shaped convolution and scale-based dynamic loss for infrared small target detection [C]. Thirty-Ninth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence . Philadelphia : AAAI Press , 2025 : 9202 - 9210 . doi: 10.1609/aaai.v39i9.32996 http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v39i9.32996
DU D W , ZHU P F , WEN L Y , et al . VisDrone-DET2019: the vision meets drone object detection in image challenge results [C]. 2019 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision Workshop (ICCVW). Seoul : IEEE , 2019 : 213 - 226 . doi: 10.1109/iccvw48693.2019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccvw48693.2019
YU X H , GONG Y Q , JIANG N , et al . Scale match for tiny person detection [C]. 2020 IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV). Snowmass : IEEE , 2020 : 1246 - 1254 . doi: 10.1109/wacv45572.2020.9093394 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wacv45572.2020.9093394
ZHAO Y A , LV W Y , XU S L , et al . DETRs beat YOLOs on real-time object detection [C]. 2024 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). Seattle : IEEE , 2024 : 16965 - 16974 . doi: 10.1109/cvpr52733.2024.01605 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr52733.2024.01605
0
Views
2649
下载量
1
CSCD
Publicity Resources
Related Articles
Related Author
Related Institution
京公网安备11010802024621